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    November 11

    2633-何謂『五義門』

    標題:何謂『五義門』

     

    眾所周知:『法門』者,佛所說,為世之則者,謂之法,此法為眾聖入道之通處,故云門。又諸法並通於一實,故名為門。又為如來聖智遊履之處,故名為門。如同《註維摩經》曰:「肇曰:言為世則謂之法,眾聖所由謂之門。」《起信論義記》曰:「軌生物解曰法,聞智通遊曰門。」《法界次第》曰:「門謂能通。」又,門者差別之義,所說之法義有種種差別,故云法門。如同《法華經方便品》曰:「以種種法門,宣示佛道。」至於何謂『五義門』?依《華嚴一乘教義分齊章》開示:由此甚深緣起一心具五義門,是故聖者隨以一門攝化眾生。何等為五?即所謂

    (一)【攝義從名門】。如小乘教說。

    (二)【攝理從事門】。如始教說。

    (三)【理事無礙門】。如終教說。

    (四)【事盡理顯門】。如頓教說。

    (五)【性海具德門】。如圓教說。

    由此觀之,如是『五種』,即所謂五義門,此為吾等學佛修道者不可不知。何以故?蓋『五義門』者,謂此等為如來說諸妙法,開解脫門,普令一切有情,皆得出離生死苦趣,而入解脫清淨之域,然而不動本而常末,不壞末而恒本,故五義相融唯一心轉也。

    總而言之,『法』者,梵云達磨Dharma,為通於一切之語。小者大者,有形者,無形者,真實者,虛妄者,事物其物者,道理其物者,皆悉為法也。《唯識論》以自體任持與軌生物解二義解法。(1)自體任持者,謂竹有竹之自體,梅有梅之自體,有形者,有形之自體,無形者,有無形之自體,各保任維持其自體也;(2)軌生物解者,謂如是既各有自體,皆為自體任持之狀,然只限於有體,不能容無體,法者,兼攝無體,該盡一切也。如同《唯識論述記》曰:「法謂軌持,軌謂軌範。可生物解,持謂任持,不捨自相。」《俱舍論光記》曰:「釋法名有二:一能持自性,謂一切法各守自性,如色等性常不改變。二軌生勝解,如無常等生人無常等解。」《唯識述記》曰:「法者,道理義也。有般涅槃之義,名般涅槃法。」願與諸仁者共勉之!20091111日星期三

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